Hypnosis is a psychological condition in which some people may be induced to show various differences in behaviour and thinking. ~ Although some individuals experience an increase in suggestibility and subjective feelings of an 'altered state of consciousness', this is not true for everyone. ~ In fact, some supposed hypnotic indicators and subjective changes can be achieved without relaxation or a lengthy induction, a fact that increases the controversy around hypnosis.Contents
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* 1 History
* 2 Definitions
o 2.1 More Popular Definitions
+ 2.1.1 American Psychological Association
+ 2.1.2 Gil Boyne
+ 2.1.3 Michael Yapko
+ 2.1.4 Dave Elman
o 2.2 Lesser Known Definitions
+ 2.2.1 Alpha and Theta state theories
+ 2.2.2 T.X. ~ Barber
+ 2.2.3 Harry Cannon
+ 2.2.4 Joe Griffin
* 3 Theories
o 3.1 Dissociation and neodissociation theories
o 3.2 Social constructionism / Role-playing theory
o 3.3 Nicholas Spanos Hypnothesis
o 3.4 Neuropsychological theory of hypnosis
o 3.5 Hypnosis as a conditioned process leading to sleep
o 3.6 Hyper–suggestibility theory
o 3.7 Informational theory
o 3.8 A state of hysteria
* 4 Research on Hypnosis
* 5 Hypnosis Methodologies and Effects
o 5.1 General methods
o 5.2 General effects
+ 5.2.1 Focused attention
+ 5.2.2 Suggestibility
+ 5.2.3 Judgment
+ 5.2.4 Abreaction
* 6 Hypnosis applications
o 6.1 Hypnotherapy
o 6.2 Clinical hypnosis
o 6.3 Self-hypnosis
o 6.4 Dental application
o 6.5 Obstetric application (painless childbirth)
o 6.6 Forensic application
o 6.7 Mass application
o 6.8 Stage application
o 6.9 Indirect application
o 6.10 Objective Signs of the Hypnotic State: Breuer's Absent Pupillary Reflex Sign
* 7 Professional associations and governmental authorities
* 8 Applications
o 8.1 Medical
* 9 Popular culture
o 9.1 Hypnosis and the judiciary system
* 10 See also
* 11 References
o 11.1 Footnotes
o 11.2 Books
* 12 External links
o 12.1 Professional associations
o 12.2 Governmental authorities
o 12.3 Historical sites
